The history of terrorism in nigeria is traceable to the emergence of a group of. Nigeria and extraafrican security interests in west africa 5. Since the july 2009 boko haram terrorist outburst in nigeria, there have been increasing questions on the phenomenon in the country. Drug trafficking is an ever mounting international security problem. Its seven most populous cities each house more than one million people, and about one out of two west africans is from nigeria. Nigeria is a multiethnic and ethnoreligious nation with an estimated population of 170 million people, nigeria national population commission 2010. This research work attempts to explore the impact of ongoing terrorism and violence on the economies of the aforementioned regions in nigeria. Its muslim population roughly 75 million is the sixth largest worldwide. Nigeria terrorism index 20022018 data 20192020 forecast. Nigerias history, as commonly found in african history, shows a long period of colonization by the british.
Abuja had not experienced any major bombings since 2012. Bin laden files show alqaida and taliban leaders in close contact. O adetula, phd 5 nigeria is located in the west african subregion which also houses all the member states of the economic community of west african states ecowas and mauritania the subregion is a large geographic area. World bank, 1995 and about 10,000km of pipelines, 10 gas plants, 3 oil terminals and. According to a september 20 house of representatives homeland security committee report, the aqim boko haram collaboration is a mature relationship that allows boko haram an avenue to advance its capability, and. The paper sought to identify the plethora of security challenges confronting nigeria with specific emphasis on the niger delta crises, kidnapping in the southeast geopolitical zone, jos crises and boko haram crises in the northern. It is a sign that formal authority is ineffectual and that checks. Federal university lafia, nigeria abstract this paper explores the humanitarian impact of terrorism in nigeria from the standpoint of boko haram insurgency. Prevention of terrorism in nigeria is, undoubtedly, one of utmost importance to the peace, security and stability of this country and the global community at large. Boko haram and the regionalization of terrorism reliefweb. Terrorism in nigeria the risk of terrorist attacks in nigeria over the past years can be classified as extremely high.
Recently, it has extended its ugly tentacles to nigeria, precisely after the presidential election of april, 2011. The paper seeks to determine the implications of security problems on the business operation and investment in nigeria. Growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in nigeria. This study adopts poverty theory to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. The author suggests that the effective formulation and implementation. With a population of 167 million, 19 percent of which is aged 1524, nigeria is the most populous country in africa. More than 2,000 killed this year by ni gerias boko. Growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in nigeria 1 chuku chuku, dominic abang, and imaabasi isip jel codes. Addressing the causes as part of the solution chapter 12 vol 1 2014 ahrlj download original files. The act of terrorism and general insecurity situations in nigeria require that solution. Trends and patterns of boko haram terrorist and militants. As earlier mentioned, the phenomenon of ethnicity and religious intolerance have led to incessant recurrence of ethnoreligious conflicts, which have birthed copious ethnic militias like the bakassi boys, odua people congress opc, the egbesu boys. Our founders and supporters are united by a common interest in fostering a strong british, european, and.
Drug trafficking and the threat to nigerias national. Nigeria is an active member of the global counterterrorism forum gctf, and the united states has used the multilateral platform the forum offers to introduce justice sector officials from nigeria and neighboring countries to a series of judicial tools to investigate and prosecute terrorism cases in conformity with their domestic and. Moral, values and religious education as panaceas dr. If you look at kidnapping and terrorism you will understand from its definition that it reflects a breakdown in law an order in society. Its demography is very unique since it consists of 40 % muslims, 50% christians and 10% who are unaffiliated. Terrorism in nigeria and in some other developing countries stems partly from lack, poverty, illiteracy, a feeling of exclusiveness and distrust in the government, most of which are a derivative of the cancer of corruption that has eaten deep into the fabric of the nation. Opinion in nigeria, terrorism moves south the new york.
Observers of the country and everyone with any interest in it must be very concerned about what the fallout would be should it be unable to surmount its current problems. The launch of the projects in nigeria marked the beginning of phaseii of the. Understanding the emerging trends aderonke, majekodunmi department of political science, faculty of social science university of lagos, akoka, lagos, nigeria email. Jacob omede andrew abdul omede department of educational psychology, kogi state college of education, p. Terrorism is defined as calculated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine. Have terrorists in nigeria been exploiting the tools of globalization to wreak havoc on the populace. This paper examined the nature of internal security problems of african states using nigeria as a case study. Delta of nigeria the niger delta, nigerias oil belt, is home to much of the oil and gas reserves and the oil industry. Terrorism is defined as calculated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience. There were 349 drilling sites, 22 flow stations and one terminal in the early 1990s. Aug 26, 2011 nigerias terrorism problem why the suicide bombing of the u. Insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria. Kidnapping and terrorism in nigeria was unknown in the early years of nigerias independence in 1960. Department of sociology, federal university, dutsinma, katsina state, nigeria.
Terrorism, as a global phenomenon, is an illwind that blows no one any good. Geostrategic and endowment advantages give nigeria a leadershiprole in west african security policy. Boko haram insurgency and the counterterrorism policy in. Nigeria is rich in terms of petroleum, gas and large number of mineral resources. Terrorist incidents in nigeria and related categories. In this research paper, icct visiting fellow akinola olojo examines the key drivers of public support for boko haram in northern nigeria. This paper addresses the issue of terrorism in nigeria, particularly in connection with the boko haram islamist sect. Nigerias constitution assures us that the security of lives and property is the primary responsibility of government.
Given that lives have been lost to terrorism, the government needs to. National security, terrorism, and development in nigeria abstract the reality of modern nigeria is the danger of disruptive centrifugal socioeconomic and political forces which have combined to produce irreconcilable contradictions of alarming proportions. Nigerias approach to subregional security has been largely influenced by the national role conceived for it in international relations by its leaders. Mustapha bintube the federal republic of nigeria, the clerk senate committee on privatisation, national assembly complex, white house, room 4. History of kidnapping and terrorism in nigeria causes.
The nature of internal security problems in african states. Over the past 5 years a total number of 2470 terrorist incidents has been recorded, in which 17751 people have been killed and 7345. Legal framework for the prevention of terrorism in nigeria. This study therefore builds on earlier works already done in the field of boko haram insurgency in nigeria. Since 2009 the violence the group has unleashed on the nigerian state is unprecedented in the history of insurgency in the country. Cyber terrorism hits nigeria september 25, 2010 by editor 3 comments following the coordinated attacks on mainstream media sites in nigeria, emmanuel mayah visits the cyber crime scenes and reports on how millions of zombie computers are deployed as foot soldiers to attack big businesses, political dissidents, competitors or enemy organisations. It became rampant in the late 90s and further culminating in todays epidemic proportion. Nigeria is the most populous cou ntry in africa, the second biggest economy, the third largest military power and the biggest oil producer 10th oil producer in the world. According to liolio 20, the successful recruitment of the people into the group. Effects of terrorism on the international business in nigeria. Nigerias history of poor governance and extreme poverty in the north. His publications include engendering counterterrorism in northern nigeria icct, june 20. There has not been any substantial analysis on the emergence of the boko haram group and its terrorist activities in nigeria as the outrage continues. The boko haram fundamentalist islamic group is the first insurgent organization in nigeria to be classified as a terrorist organization by the united states of america and its allies.
Causes and solutions june 18, 2014 emile nakhleh 2 comments a boko haram bomb attack in nigerias capital, abuja, on apr. Boko haram and the regionalization of terrorism stiftung. Groups, activities, and politics adeyemi bukola oyeniyi abstract while global attention is focused on embassy bombing, aircraft hijacking and 911 terroristsattack kind of terrorism, equally devastating terrorist activities with equally devastating. The available literature on the issue of terrorism with the economy in the northern and southern regions of nigeria is. Although published in november 2015, the gti report was produced from data gathered in 2014. The group aspire to establish a sharia state in nigeria and west africa, destabilise the nigerian government and remove western influence from the country.
Combating violent conflicts and terrorism in nigeria. This research deals with the yussufiyya boko haram sect as a social phenomenon. Since march 2015, they have been conducting mili tary operations in the border regions, sometimes on nigerian territory, in an effort to push. Groups, activities, and politics adeyemi bukola oyeniyi abstract while global attention is focused on embassy bombing, aircraft hijacking and 911 terroristsattack kind of terrorism, equally devastating terrorist activities with equally devastating impacts are daily swept under the carpet in africa. This role conception has become the defining paradigm for foreign policy engagement. Nigerias response to transnational organised crime and.
In 2011, the use of violence against persons and property to intimidate nigerians was the obvious practices of this terrorist group. International terrorism and its implications for national. Haram in northern nigeria, while danjibo 2009 attempts a comparative evaluation of the maitatsine and boko haram crises in northern nigeria as manifestations of islamic fundamentalism and sectarian violence in nigeria. The movement is unique in that it combines a sectarian, radical islamic agenda with violence. Boko haram homeland security digital library at nps. Africa security brief a publication of the africa center for strategic studies no. After a series of terrorist attacks beginning in 2010, security in nigerias capital city was augmented significantly. The largest improvement occurred in nigeria where terrorism deaths attributed to boko haram decreased by 80 per cent.
This paper seeks to examine whether terrorism is a consequence of globalization in nigeria and how terrorists in nigeria have exploited the instruments of globalization to destroy the institution and forces responsible for it in nigeria. Nigerias terrorism problem why the suicide bombing of the u. Boko haram is a radical islamist movement shaped by its nigerian context and reflecting. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national. Ethnic militancy and internal terrorism on nigerias national security 63 afinotan, and ojakorotu, 2009. This study is advanced to explain the phenomenon of boko haram terrorism in nigeria. Pdf abstract boko haram, the islamic radical sect from northeastern nigeria, has been responsible since 2009 for a string of bomb attacks. Worldwide this is one of the most dangerous countries with the most and devastating attacks. In 2014, nigeria experienced the biggest yearly deterioration in terrorism on record, the report said. The threat from boko haram and ansaru the henry jackson society 7 leadership have recently surfaced. This is against the backdrop of the rising spate of violent attacks. It employs the levels of analysis framework popular in the field of international relations to explain the terrorism at three major levels.
Nigerias strategic importance to the global jihadist movement should not be underestimated. This perspective has propelled nigeria to the centre stage of african affairs generally and in west african security matters in particular. The threat from boko haram and ansaru the henry jackson society 3 the henry jackson society the henry jackson society is a crosspartisan thinktank based in london. Since 2009 the violence the group has unleashed on the nigerian state is. This paper examines security challenges and the implications for business activities in nigeria. Abstract boko haram, the islamic radical sect from northeastern nigeria, has been responsible since 2009 for a string of bomb attacks strategically directed at the nigerian government, security.
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